Transportation in Japan: A Comprehensive Guide to Navigating the Japanese Roads

Japan, a country with rich culture and history, features a unique transportation system that reflects its values and traditions. From the fast and efficient Shinkansen to the humble bicycle, Japan offers a variety of transportation options for both locals and tourists. In this article, we will explore the different modes of transportation in Japan, traffic rules, and some tips on navigating Japanese roads effectively.

Traffic Rules in Japan

Before we delve into the various modes of transportation, let’s first discuss traffic rules in Japan. Japan follows a left-side driving system, meaning cars and motorcycles travel on the left side of the road. This is different from most countries that have right-side driving. In Japan, the steering wheel is on the right side of the car, and traffic signals are displayed in three colors: red, yellow, and green. When the light is red, you must stop. When it’s yellow, you should prepare to stop, but if you cannot stop immediately, you may proceed. When it’s green, you can continue driving.

Wait, green? Yes, you read that right. In Japan, the green light is referred to as a “blue light.” This is because, in ancient Japan, there were only four words to describe colors: red, blue, black, and white, and green was included in the category of blue. As a result, the green signal came to be known as the “blue signal.” Even today, some Japanese still refer to the green light as “aoi shingnallu” (blue signal).

The general speed limit on roads in Japan is 60 km/h. On smaller roads, the limits may be 50 km/h or 30 km/h, while expressways have a basic speed limit of 100 km/h. Pedestrians are given priority over vehicles, and drivers are required to wear seat belts. Drunk driving and using smartphones while driving are prohibited.

Modes of Transportation in Japan

Having covered traffic rules, let’s discuss the different modes of transportation available in Japan. Transportation options can be divided into two categories: public transportation that carries many passengers, such as buses, trains, and airplanes, and personal transportation modes like cars and motorcycles.

Buses

Buses are a common mode of transportation in Japan, particularly in urban areas. There are two types of buses: route buses and express buses. Route buses are regular city buses that operate on a fixed timetable and follow a set route. Fares typically vary based on the distance traveled. Route buses have separate entrances and exits, with the entrance in the middle of the bus and the exit at the front.

Express buses, on the other hand, are designed for long-distance travel. They primarily run on expressways and are cheaper than trains or airplanes. People looking to save money on long-distance travel might opt for express buses. Unlike route buses, express buses have only one door for both entry and exit.

To ride a bus in Japan, you need to go to a bus stop, which will have a timetable and destinations listed. Most of the time, buses arrive on schedule, but they can sometimes be late. When the bus arrives, board through the middle entrance and take a numbered ticket from the ticket machine. This ticket serves as proof of where you boarded. After taking a numbered ticket, sit in an available seat or stand if no seats are available. During the ride, announcements are made, and you can press the stop button when you hear the announcement for your destination. If someone else has already pressed the stop button, you do not need to press it again.

When you reach your desired stop, head to the front of the bus. There is a fare box next to the driver where you put your numbered ticket and fare. After paying the fare, you can exit the bus. Some buses do not provide change, so it’s best to have the exact fare ready. If you don’t have the correct change, most fare boxes have a change-making function.

Many Japanese people use IC cards to pay for fares. With IC cards, instead of taking a numbered ticket, you touch the sensor with the IC card. When you exit the bus, touching the card to the fare box completes the payment.

Trains

Trains are a popular mode of transportation in Japan, renowned for their speed and efficiency. Trains can be divided into three types: local trains, express trains, and Shinkansen.

Local trains, as the name suggests, are the most basic type of train. They stop at relatively small stations and take longer to reach distant stations because they make frequent stops. Since fares are inexpensive, many people use local trains for commuting to work or school.

Express trains are designed for quicker long-distance travel. Compared to local trains, express trains stop at fewer stations, only at major ones. This allows for faster travel to distant places, though the fare is higher. In addition to the local train fare, you need to purchase a separate ticket for the express train.

Finally, there is the Shinkansen, or bullet train, used for traveling even longer distances than express trains. For instance, the Shinkansen is the best option for traveling from Tokyo to Osaka.

To ride a train in Japan, you need to go to the station. First, purchase a ticket from a vending machine, which typically offers services in English, Korean, and Chinese. Tickets can also be purchased at the “Midori no Madoguchi,” where staff can assist you.

Once you have your ticket, proceed to the ticket gate. Insert your ticket into the ticket gate machine to open the gate. If you have an IC card, you can simply touch it to pass through.

Next, head to the platform. Wait for the train to arrive, and remember to let passengers alight before boarding. Find an available seat and sit down. As with buses, priority seats should be kept free for those who need them.

Airplanes

Airplanes are a popular mode of long-distance travel in Japan. The key advantage of airplanes is their ability to cover long distances quickly. To board an airplane, you first need to make a reservation online, where you can often choose your seat as all seats are reserved.

Arrive at the airport with plenty of time to spare, as airport procedures can be time-consuming. First, check in to confirm your boarding. After checking in, you will receive a boarding pass, which is your ticket to board the plane.

Next, check in your baggage. You are allowed a small amount of carry-on luggage, but larger items must be checked in at the counter. You can retrieve your checked baggage at the airport upon arrival.

After checking your baggage, proceed to the security checkpoint for a baggage and body check. Dangerous items, such as scissors, are not allowed on board. Once through security, head to your designated boarding gate as indicated on your boarding pass, and board the plane.

On the plane, locate your seat using your boarding pass and place your carry-on baggage in the overhead bin. Fasten your seatbelt and wait for takeoff. During the flight, keep your seatbelt fastened and set your smartphone to airplane mode or turn it off.

Upon arrival, collect your checked baggage and leave the airport. Departure procedures can be complex, but arrivals are usually straightforward.

Taxis

Taxis are a convenient mode of transportation in Japan, particularly for short distances. Unlike trains and buses, taxis do not have a fixed destination, allowing you to go anywhere. However, taxis are relatively expensive and are not commonly used for regular commuting.

To take a taxi in Japan, you can find taxis at stands near train stations, airports, shopping malls, and other locations. You can also call for a taxi to come to your location. Generally, you can take a taxi from a stand without needing a reservation.

Taxis are usually lined up, so approach the first one. The driver will open the door for you. Japanese taxis have automatic doors, so do not open them yourself. Most taxis accommodate up to four passengers.

Once inside the taxi, tell the driver your destination. Upon arrival, pay the fare, which is based on the distance traveled. The meter in the taxi will show the fare. After paying, the automatic door will open, allowing you to exit the taxi.

Cars and Motorcycles

Cars and motorcycles are also popular modes of transportation in Japan. To drive a car, you need a driver’s license, which is important and sometimes used for identification. To obtain a driver’s license, you must attend a driving school, where you will receive training on driving and traffic rules.

Motorcycles are often used for commuting, but some people also enjoy them as a hobby. Motorcycle touring, or long-distance trips on a motorcycle, is particularly popular. Touring offers an exhilarating experience as you feel the wind, with popular seasons being spring for cherry blossoms and fall for autumn leaves.

Bicycles

Finally, let’s talk about bicycles. Bicycles are a common mode of transportation in Japan, especially for short distances. Unlike cars and motorcycles, bicycles do not require gasoline, making them convenient and environmentally friendly. Cycling is popular throughout Japan, with many renowned cycling spots. One famous spot is the Shimanami Kaido, a 60-kilometer road in the Seto Inland Sea, which offers stunning sea views and is a favorite for cyclists.

Conclusion

Japan offers a variety of transportation options for both locals and tourists. From the fast and efficient Shinkansen to the practical bicycle, there is a mode of transportation for everyone in Japan. Whether you’re commuting, traveling long distances, or exploring, Japan’s transportation system has you covered. Just remember to follow traffic rules and be aware of the different modes of transportation available. Safe travels!